Internal-combustion engine



July 2, 1929. J, Q BARNABY 1,719,643.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Aug. 4,4 1927 JAMES C. BARNABY.

ATTORNEY Patented July l2, 1929.

UNITED ISTATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. BARNABY, OF WESTERLEIGH, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO WORTHINGTON PUMPAND MACHINERY CORPORATION, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OFVIRGINIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Application filed `August 4, 1927. Serial No. 219,519.`

This invention relates to improvements in internal'combustion engines.of the Diesel type and more particularly tosolid in]ec tionengines ofsuch type which have precombustion chambers to obtain a thoroughcommingling of the'fuel oil and compressed air inl advance ofcombustion.

Considerable diiculty has been experienced in internal combustionengines of the Diesel type in providing proper cooling for thepre-combustion chamber. In approved types of construction wherein thesurfaces of the pre-combustion chamber were 1n d1- rect contact withwater or cooling fluid, one of the principal-sources of annoyance whichV'affected the operation of the engine is that elimination of leakage ofwater pastpthe joint and into the cylinder of the engine is practicallyimpossible, especially with extended operation of the engine, and suchleakage materially affects the combustible mixture and consequently theefficiency of the engine.

An object of the present invention is to provide a pre-combustionchamber structure which will veliminate such leakage in that the chamberdoes not have engagement with the cooling fluid but is so designed thatit presents a maximum surface for' contact with water cooled parts ofthe cylinder head' panying drawings, showing an internal combustionengineofthe preferred form embodying the invention, and the featuresforming the invention will be specifically pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings- F igure 1 is a fragmentary sectiin throughy an internalcombustion engine showing the improved cylinder head.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary section of the.

cylinder head taken at a different point from the section shown inFigure 1.

Figure 3 is a side elevation of the movable pre-combustion chamber.

Figure 4 is a top plan of a pre-combustion chamber.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the improved cylinder headvstructure is' shown as associated with the cylinder structure 1 of aninternal combustion engine of any approved form, preferably ofthe Dieseltype. The cylinder head 2 which is attached in any suitable manner tothe engine l is provided with a combustion cham- -ber 3, cooling waterspace 4 and has a cenlwith 'the water cooled walls 9 of the opening l5'so as to provide maximum cooling of the member or casting 7. The memberor casting 7 is provided with a recess 10 which forms thepre-combustionchamber and the lower portion of this recess tapers correspondingly tothe taper or incline of the outer surfaceof the member 7, while theupper portion of the recess is of uniform diameter thereby providingthickened met-al y at the top of the member 7 as clearly shown inFigures 1 and 2 of the drawings. -i The thickened .upper portion of themember 7 f also provides increased metal and surface for engagement withthe water cooled walls or sections l1 of the spray valve carryingclamping member 12. The spray valve 'carrying and clamping `member l2 isprovided with a cooling water circulating passage 13, which er'mitscooling of the walls 11.

Besi es providing increased surfaces for contact with cooled surfaces ofthe cylinder head structure, the substantially conical shape of thepre-combustion chamber forming member 7 also ermits its ready removalfrom the'cylinder ead for purposes of replacement or repair. The member7 is provided with a plurality of openings`14 which open from thepre-combustion chamber 10 into the combustion s ace 3. .The member 12may be attached to the cylinder head 2 by bolts or analogousfasteningdevices as shown at 15 in Figure 2 of the` drawings.

It will be lunderstood that the invention is not to be limited to thespecific construction or arrangement of parts shown but that these maybe modified Widely within the to its sides and base.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combinationwith a cylinder headhaving water cooled surfaces, of a substantially conical shapedpre-combustion chamber formin member, removably engaging the cylinderhead and having maximum surface con* tact with the .Water cooledsurfaces of the cylinder head and having the cross sectional area of itsWalls increased at predetermined points for distributing heat to desiredportions of the member.

3. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhead having AWater cooled surfaces, of a substantially conical shapedpre-Combustion chamber forming member, removably engaging the cylinderhead and having maximum surface Contact With the Water cooled surfacesof the cylinder head and having the cross sectional area of its Wallsincreased at predetermined points for distributing heat to desiredportions of the member, a clamping member engaging said pre-combustionchamber forming member, for holding it in position, said clamping memberhaving a water cooled surface for engagement With the base ofthe conicalpre-combustion chamber forming member.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination with a cylinder head having Water cooled surfaces, of asubstantially con-` said pre-combustion chamber forming member forholding it in position, said clamping member having a Water cooledsurface for engagement with the base of the conical pre-combustionchamber forming member.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhead having Water cooled surfaces, and a substantially conical shapedopening, opening out at its in nerend into the combustion chamber of theengine of a pre-combustion chamber forming member, removably seated insaid substantially conical sha ed opening, said chamber forming mem erhaving surface Contact With the entire Wall surface ofsaid substantiallyconical shaped opening to perlmit cooling of the chamber forming mem- G.In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder headhaving Water cooled surfaces and a substantially conical shaped opening,opening out at its inner end into the combustion chamber of the engineof a pre-combustion chamber-,forming member removably seated in saidsubstantially conical sh'a ed opening, said chamberl forming mem erhaving surface contact with the entire wall surface of saidsubstantially conical shaped o ening to permit' cooling of the chamberorming member and a clamping member engaging said chamber forming memberfor holding it in position,-said clamping member having a Water cooledsurface for engagement with the chamber forming member.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

JAMES C. BARNABY.

